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E. BLACKMAN.

*LAMPBURNBR l No. 346,889'. Patented Aug. 1'0, 1886.

OOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOO OQOVGOOOOOOOOOOOOO a partly-sectional side View of alamp-burner rim, and laps over the upper edge of a per- UNITED STATESEBNEZER BLAOKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK.

LAMP-BURNER.

SPECIFICATTON forming part of Letters Patent No. 346,889, dated August10, 1886.

Serial No. 187.708. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBENEZER BLACKMAN, of Brooklyn, in Kings county, inthe State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Lamp Burners, of which the following is a specification.

I will describe a lamp-burner embodying my improvement, and then pointout the various features in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is embodying my improvement. Fig.2 is a vertical section of the same, taken in a plane at right angles tothe plane of the section in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an inverted plan or bottomview of the burner, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the wick andwick-holder detached.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A A designate a wick-tube, which is of annular form, and consists of twocylindrical shells, of sheet metal or tubing, arranged oneconcentrically within the other. The shell A is flattened at twoopposite portions, a, and these two portions converge toward each otherdownwardly. This tube is mounted upon the bottom of a cupshapedairdistributer, B, and secured thereto. The outer shell, A', of thewick-tube does not extend down to the bottom of the air-distributer B.vAt the lower edge it has an outwardly extending flange, A', at whoseouter circumference is a downwardlyextending rim. The flange c' restsupon the forated cylindrical shell, C, which is erected upon the bottomof the air-distributer B. lt will preferably be made of a metal which isa poor conductor of heat. It is concentric with the wick-tube shells AA', but is considerably larger than either.

D designates the wick. It consists of a cylindric upper portion, d, andtwo strips, d' d2, extending therefrom. Itis secured in a holder, E,consist-ing of a cylindric upper portion, e, and strips e e", extendingdownwardly therefrom. Thisv holder is perforated longitudinally withrowsof holes. It may be made of any suitablesheet metal, preferably onewhich is a poor conductor of heat. The wick is secured to it by sewingor otherwise, so that the two areintimatel y connected together. Thecylindric portions ofthe wick and wiclcholder fit between the shells AA' of the wick-tube, and the strips of the Wick and wick-holder extenddown through the space between the shell A of the wick-tube and shell C,that supports the shell A' of the wick-tube.

There is considerable space out ide of the lower portion of the wick andwick-holder,

,owing to the shell C being of greater size than By rea- C the outershell, A', of the wick-tube. son of the convergence ofthe portions a ofthe inner shell of the wick-tube a considerable space is afforded inwardof the lower portion of the wick and wick-holder. This results inkeeping the burner cool.

Gross-passages A2 are made of sheet metal between the inner shell, A, ofthe wick-tube and the shell C. Y

Air entering the air-distributer B passes upwardly to the outside of adame emanating from the wick, and air also passes through the passagesA2 to the space encircled by the inner shell, A, of the wick-tube, andthence to the inner surface of the flame.

A plate or diaphragm, A, extends upwardly into the shell A of thewick-tube opposite the cross-passages A2. It prevents air from blowingacross from one of these passages A2 to the other.

The outer shell, A', of the wick-tube has an air-distributer, F, affixedto-it. This air-distributer consists of a perforated plate of sheetmetal, whose outer circumference is bent downwardly to iit over theupper edge of the airdistributer B.

The outer shell, A', of the wick-tubeis merely supported by the bearingwhich it has at the lower edge upon the shell C, and by the bearingwhich the air-distributer F has upon the air-distributer B. It maytherefore be lifted off at any time to facilitate theinsertion of thewick and wick-holder, or for any other reason.

A c onoidal deflector, G, is supported upon the air-distributer F. ItisV made of sheet metal, and is so formed at the lower portion as toconstitute a gallery upon which a chimney may rest, armsg being providedto retain the chimney in position.

A ratchet or star wheel, H, mounted upon a shaft, H', journaled in anextension from the outer shell, A, of the wick-tube, engages withperforations of the wick-holder E. When rotated by a hand-piece, withwhich the shaft is provided, this wheel will adjust the wickliolder, andconsequently the wick, upwardly or downwardly.

I designates a perforated sheet-metal tube extending above the wick-tubeand closed yat the top, preferably by a defleetor or button, J,extending not only over but beyond it. It is supported by the innerwall, A,of the wicktube. l

The air-distributer B has at the bottom an externally-screw -threadedboss or neck, b, whereby the burner may be secured to the collar of anoil reservoir'or fount.

It will be observed that the ratchet-wheel H and its shaft H' arearranged in quite an ele vated position, much nearer the top of thewick-tube than usual. This is advantageous, because it provides foradjusting the wick and wick-holder the required distance without everadjusting'the wick-holder into such position that any part of it willextend below the bottom of the air-distributer B. This is advantageous,because when the wick-holder has not to be adjusted into such positionthat any part of it will extend below the burner the boss or neck b ofthe burner may be made of smaller diameter than the wick-holder, so asto ada-pt it to t in a reservoir `or fount collar of small size. Thewick will not interfere with the making of the boss or neck I) smallerin diameterthan the holder, because it is so ilexible that it can bebent to pass through asmall passage-way.

The Wick-holder E may have only one of the strips e' or e2. Then it willin effect be a cylindric piece and a rack extending therefrom.

The shell C is in effect part of the wicktube.

By perforating the bottom of the air-distributer B below the inner shellof the wick-tube and securing the tube I in a detachable man ner withinthe inner shell of the Wick-tube, I provide for removing the said tube Iand fil1- ing the lamp reservoir or fount by pouring oil down throughthe inner shell of the wicktube. Air may also descend through theperforated bottom, and ascend through the same into the inner shell ofthe wick-tube.

`What I claim as my invention, and desireto secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In an Argand burner, the combination, with an air-distributer, as B,of an annular wick-tube composed of a cylindric shell, as A, secured tothe said air-distributer, and an outer cylindric shell, as A', of aperforated shell, C, within the air-distributer B, larger in diameterthan the outer shell, A', of the wick-tube, and forming the lower partof the outer wall of the wick-tube, substantially as specified.

2. In an Argand burner, the combination, with an air-distributer, as B,of an annular wick-tube composed of acylindric shell, as A, secured tothe said distributer, and anrouter cylindric shell, as A', of astationary perforated shell, C, within the air-distributer B, formingthe lower part of the outer shell of the wick-tube, and being larger indiameter than the outer shell, A', of the wick-tube,said outer wick-tubesh ell. A', being detachablysupported upon the shell C, substantially asspecified.

3. The combiuation,with an air-distributer, as B, of an annularwick-tube composed of a shell, as A, lnounted upon said air-distributer,and a shell, A', aperforated shell, C, within the distributer B,-mounted upon said airdistributer and supporting the said shell A', andan air-distributer, F, secured to the shell A' ofthe wick-tube andresting upon the airdistributer B, and the detlector G, substantially asspecified.

4. In a lamp-burner, the combination, with an annular wicktubecomprising an inner and an outer shell, and provided near its lower endwith a passage whereby air may enter the space encircled by the innershell, of an air-distributer surrounding the lower portion of thewick-tube and supporting the same, the bottom of said air-distributorbeing provided with an opening extending through the base of the burnerwithin the inner shell of the wick-tube, and a perforated diaphragmbetween said opening and the tip of the wicktube, substantially asspecified.

5. In an Argand burner, the combination, with an annular wick-tubecomprising an inner and an outer shell, of an air-distributersurrounding the lower portion of the wicktube and supporting the same,the bottom of said distributer being provided with an opening within theinner shell of the wick-tube, and a perforated diaphragm between saidopen.- ing and the tip of the wicktube, substantially as specified.

EBENEZER BLACKMAN.

Witnesses:

JAs. R. BOWEN, M. FOWLER.

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